tundra swans

A Return to Great Marsh Looking For Tundra Swans by Todd Henson

In early February of 2024 my father and I returned to Mason Neck hoping to see the tundra swans that winter over in this area. We’ve been fortunate to see them in previous years, and were able to see them again this year, though at quite a distance.

I’d checked the tide charts before we set out and found high tide coincided with sunrise so we thought there was a good chance of viewing the swans. I thought it might be nice viewing them from the opposite shore we did last time, thinking this would position the sun in a more flattering location. Unfortunately, the day was completely overcast, so rather dark, and the tundra swans chose to group on the far side of the marsh, much closer to the other observation platform. This put them at quite a distance from us.

The Wildlife

Distant tundra swans at Great Marsh

Even at a distance, though, it was great to see and hear the tundra swans. They have a very distinctive sound so we always know when we’ve found them. We were fortunate to watch as two more swans flew in and landed with the rest.

Distant observation platform and tundra swans

Two more tundra swans fly in

There was quite a range of birdlife, and wildlife, beyond the tundra swans. In one scene I attempted to capture tundra swans, a red-winged blackbird, mallard ducks and Canada geese in a single image. I wasn’t able to do this with just one photo, though, because of the shallow depth of field. The low light just wouldn’t allow me a reasonable balance of ISO, aperture and shutter speed, so I decided to try focus stacking by focusing on the near birds for one photo and the far birds for another. But of course the birds were moving, so using the software to auto focus stack didn’t work and I had to manually merge the photos. If you look closely this resulted in a strange bit of out of focus brown grass in the center of the photo between the blackbird and the swans, but it did bring each bird species mostly in focus so you could see them all.

From top to bottom: tundra swans, a red-winged blackbird, a pair of mallard ducks and a pair of Canada geese.

At one point a beaver swam across the water towards its lodge. And later a muskrat swam right towards us. These were the only mammals we saw this time around.

A beaver on the left and a muskrat on the right swimming through the water. The beaver is actually much larger but was at a much greater distance so looks smaller in the photo.

There is a lot of duck hunting in this area, so even though the ducks are safe in this location they still tend to either fly off or swim far away when we arrive at the observation platform. That meant all photos were at a distance, but we still were able to view a range of ducks. The ones in these photos are, I believe, mostly American black ducks. There were the mallards in the photo above. And I saw a pair of hooded merganser and several other species at a greater distance.

A pair of American black ducks. They were sort of swimming together with one following the other, but they didn’t get close enough for a single photo of them both.

Ducks at Great Marsh. I believe most, if not all of these, are American black ducks, though I may be mistaken.

The last interesting scene to show you was a noisy flock of black birds that started out moving through the trees and later moved around the light brown grass in the water. I believe most of these birds were common grackles but I also identified some red-winged blackbirds. It wouldn’t surprise me if there were other species in the mix, such as European starlings, but I wasn’t able to positively identify any more.

A group of black birds flocking at Great Marsh. Most are likely common grackles but I was also able to identify red-winged blackbirds. There might be other species mixed in, as well.

The Challenges

There were a number of challenges to this photo session. With the low light levels and the moving birds I boosted my camera’s light sensitivity way up (to 4000 ISO) so I could get a fast enough shutter speed, but this meant there would be a fair bit of digital noise in the files. Because of the distance there was a slight bit of haze to deal with. And because I don’t photograph with the long lens quite as often I was likely out of practice. All this resulted in photos that aren’t perfectly sharp, though I did the best I could to deal with these issues in post-production in the computer. They work just fine for a blog post but some might not work as well if I were to try to print them in a larger format. I tend to prefer creating imperfect photos than not creating any at all, especially when documenting wildlife. 😊


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One Morning With Tundra Swans by Todd Henson

Four tundra swans far from the tundra

I mentioned in a previous post how my father and I stumbled across tundra swans late last year while hiking in Mason Neck National Wildlife Refuge. We only really took notice of them because of the very loud sounds they were making, sounds that we weren’t used to hearing in the area. We learned the birds making them were tundra swans and that they regularly overwinter in the area. That lit a fire in me to photograph them and after several failed starts we managed to find them again on January 7th, and this time I had a long lens with me. They were still at a bit of a distance, so you won’t find any great closeups in this collection of photos. But I was pleased with the variety I was able to create and of the different behaviors we observed. Of course, I’d love to get better views of them and my father and I have been looking around other locations where we’ve heard folks have seen them or where we think they might be seen, but time will tell whether we get any better opportunities.

Flight of the tundra swans

There are two sub-species of tundra swans: Bewick’s swans and whistling swans. Those seen here are of the whistling swan variety. One indication of this is the area where we saw them, with Bewick’s swans generally found in Eurasia and whistling swans in North America. Another indication is the very small amount of yellow on the base of their bills near their eyes, almost invisible in many of these photos because of their distance from us. Bewick’s swans would typically have more yellow.

Goodby, tundra swans

These tundra swans seemed to cluster in smaller, more tight knit groups, perhaps families, sometimes two or three swans, sometimes five or six. In some cases we observed younger swans in the groups which have light grey plumage, especially around their head, instead of the bright white of the adults. Another interesting observation is how some of them have a reddish tint to the feathers of their head nearest their beaks. This is apparently indicative of a large amount of iron ions in the water. I don’t know if that’s the case in the waters where we viewed them or if it was the case with the waters where they migrated from, further north.

Tundra swans swimming upstream. Notice the two adolescents with grey plumage near their head.

Sometimes these tight knit groups would join others and create larger groupings of swans. In one case we watched as a new group flew into the area and landed near a second group. The two groups came together and when they did there was a huge commotion of loud vocalizations, flapping wings and water splashing everywhere. It was as if these were great friends who hadn’t seen each other in ages and were getting reacquainted.

Looking for a place to land

The get together

But, of course, there’s always one of those in every crowd, someone who just doesn’t get along, who has to show off their dominance. Thankfully, we were around to see this and watched as one tundra swan stretched out its neck and chased after another. Granted, it didn’t drive it far away, and eventually they all gathered together again, but not until both understood their place in the tundra swan hierarchy. And notice the two small ducks in the lower left trying to mind their own business.

There’s always one in every crowd

My favorite photographs were some I created earliest in the morning when a group of three tundra swans slowly swam upstream towards the rising sun. I was able to photograph them in silhouette, both as they passed a group of three ducks, and with just the swans. I love how sometimes a single swan will bend its neck just slightly. Very elegant. Look closely and you can see many ducks at a distance out on the Potomac River.

Passersby

A peaceful moment

I hope you’ve enjoyed this look at our morning with tundra swans. Though I’d certainly like to see more and create better photographs of them, I’m also very happy we had this opportunity and that I was able to create these photos and show them to you. Tundra swans are a beautiful and fascinating species.


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